Measuring Open Access uptake: Data sources, expectations, and misconceptions

In this paper we briefly introduce the concept of Open Access and review the many variants that have been presented in the literature. We then critically examine how OA variants are presented by data source and how they are operationalized in practice. The goal of the paper is to provide a set of guidelines on how to effectively interpret OA information. For this, we compare OA figures reported in different data sources at the institutional and journal level and dig into the potential explanations behind the differences observed on the figures each source provides. Policy highlights: 1) Open Access reporting in bibliometric reports is now possible due the proliferation of data sources which now provide information on the OA status of publications. 2) Unpaywall has become the main primary source on OA metadata for publications for the main bibliometric databases, however there are divergences on how this is reported and showed by each of them. 3) Understanding how OA variants are defined by each source and later operationalized is key to correctly report and interpret Open Access uptak

Analyzing scientific mobility and collaboration in the Middle East and North Africa

Merit, Expertise and Measuremen

COVID-19 publications: Database coverage, citations, readers, tweets, news, Facebook walls, Reddit posts

© 2020 The Authors. Published by MIT Press. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00066The COVID-19 pandemic requires a fast response from researchers to help address biological, medical and public health issues to minimize its impact. In this rapidly evolving context, scholars, professionals and the public may need to quickly identify important new studies. In response, this paper assesses the coverage of scholarly databases and impact indicators during 21 March to 18 April 2020. The rapidly increasing volume of research, is particularly accessible through Dimensions, and less through Scopus, the Web of Science, and PubMed. Google Scholar’s results included many false matches. A few COVID-19 papers from the 21,395 in Dimensions were already highly cited, with substantial news and social media attention. For this topic, in contrast to previous studies, there seems to be a high degree of convergence between articles shared in the social web and citation counts, at least in the short term. In particular, articles that are extensively tweeted on the day first indexed are likely to be highly read and relatively highly cited three weeks later. Researchers needing wide scope literature searches (rather than health focused PubMed or medRxiv searches) should start with Dimensions (or Google Scholar) and can use tweet and Mendeley reader counts as indicators of likely importance

Short film production in educational contexts: exploring the methodology of the Olhar pela Lente project in Portugal

Cinema’s pedagogical essence nurtures a variety of educational strategies. Beyond serving as a support to other areas of knowledge or as the subject of artistic analysis, it also provides students with a means to give – freely and significantly – voice to their own concerns and interests. Short film production in schools can offer a process for young people to deal with personal and social challenges, fostering a closer connection between them and their community and environment. Schools are natural habitats for this encounter – a place where film production can generate significant educational and cultural resonance. This paper reflects on the didactic potential of short film production in schools – as a key to fulfil formal and non-formal pedagogical goals – through the presentation and analysis of a recently implemented methodology for education through film: Olhar pela Lente, a project developed in Portugal during 2018.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

People with advanced cancer: the process of living well with awareness of dying

Literature suggests that it is possible to live well with advanced cancer but little is known about the process. In this article, we present a secondary analysis of experiences of living with advanced cancer (n = 22) that refines the theory of “Living Well with Chronic Illness” for a different context and population. The refined theory explains the experience of living well with advanced cancer illuminating a five-phase iterative process: struggling, accepting, living with advanced cancer, sharing the illness experience, and reconstructing life. These five phases revolve around the core concept of Awareness of Dying, which varied from awareness of the possibility of dying, to accepting the possibility of dying, to acceptance that “I am dying.” Awareness of Dying led to a focus on living well with advanced cancer and movement towards living a life rather than living an illness

Neutrino Physics at the Turn of the Millenium

Recent solar & atmospheric nu-data strongly indicate need for physics beyond the Standard Model. I review the ways of reconciling them in terms of 3-nu oscillations. Though not implied by data, bi-maximal nu-mixing models emerge as a possibility. SUSY with broken R-parity provides an attractive way to incorporate it, opening the possibility of testing nu-anomalies at high- energy colliders such as the LHC or at the upcoming long-baseline or nu- factory experiments. Reconciling, in addition, the LSND hint requires a fourth, light sterile neutrino, nus. The simplest are the most symmetric scenarios, in which 2 of the 4 neutrinos are maximally-mixed and lie at the LSND scale, while the others are at the solar scale. The lightness of nus, the nearly maximal atmospheric mixing, and the solar/atmospheric splittings all follow naturally from the assumed lepton-number symmetry and its breaking. These basic schemes can be distinguished at neutral-current-sensitive solar & atmospheric neutrino experiments such as SNO. However underground experiments have not yet proven neutrino masses, as there are many alternatives. For example flavour changing interactions can play an important role in the explanation of solar and contained atmospheric data and could be tested e.g through \mu \to e + \gamma, \mu-e conversion in nuclei, unaccompanied by neutrino-less double beta decay. Conversely, a short-lived numu might play a role in the explanation of the atmospheric data. Finally, in the presence of a nus, a long-lived heavy nutau could delay the time at which the matter and radiation contributions to the energy density of the Universe become equal, reducing density fluctuations on smaller scales, thus saving the standard CDM scenario, while the light nue, numu and nus would explain the solar & atmospheric data.Comment: Invited talk at 2nd International Conference on Non-Accelerator New Physics (NANP-99), Dubna, June 28 - July 3, 199

Towards a "Book Publishers Citation Reports". First approach using the "Book Citation Index"

The absence of books and book chapters in the Web of Science Citation Indexes (SCI, SSCI and A&HCI) has always been considered an important flaw but the Thomson Reuters ‘Book Citation Index’ database was finally available in October of 2010 indexing 29,618 books and 379,082 book chapters. The Book Citation Index opens a new window of opportunities for analyzing Humanities and Social Sciences from a bibliometric point of view. The main objective of this article is to analyze different impact indicators referred to the scientific publishers included in the Book Citation Index for the Social Sciences and Humanities fields during 2006-2011. This way we construct what we have called the ‘Book Publishers Citation Reports’. For this, we present a total of 19 rankings according to the different disciplines in Humanities & Arts and Social Sciences & Law with six indicators for scientific publishers.La ausencia de libros y capítulos de libros en los índices de citas presentes en las bases de datos de la Web of Science ha sido tradicionalmente una de sus más importantes debilidades. Sin embargo, Thomson Reuters en Octubre de 2010 lanzó el Book Citation Index, un nuevo índice de citas que contaba con 29.618 libros y 379.082 capítulos de libros. Este producto ha abierto nuevas posibilidades para el análisis bibliométrico de campos como las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales. Precisamente el objetivo principal de esta nota es analizar a través de diferentes indicadores las editoriales de los ámbitos de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales indexadas en el Book Citation Index durante los años 2006-2011. Más concretamente se ha probado la posibilidad de desarrollar un ranking de editoriales de libros basado en la citación y la producción de las mismas. Para ello se presentan una colección de rankings con seis indicadores bibliométricos para un total de 19 disciplinas científicas

Geodesic motion in the Kundt spacetimes and the character of envelope singularity

We investigate geodesics in specific Kundt type N (or conformally flat) solutions to Einstein's equations. Components of the curvature tensor in parallelly transported tetrads are then explicitly evaluated and analyzed. This elucidates some interesting global properties of the spacetimes, such as an inherent rotation of the wave-propagation direction, or the character of singularities. In particular, we demonstrate that the characteristic envelope singularity of the rotated wave-fronts is a (non-scalar) curvature singularity, although all scalar invariants of the Riemann tensor vanish there.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Class. Quantum Gra

Explicit Kundt type II and N solutions as gravitational waves in various type D and O universes

A particular yet large class of non-diverging solutions which admits a cosmological constant, electromagnetic field, pure radiation and/or general non-null matter component is explicitly presented. These spacetimes represent exact gravitational waves of arbitrary profiles which propagate in background universes such as Minkowski, conformally flat (anti-)de Sitter, Edgar-Ludwig, Bertotti-Robinson, and type D (anti-)Nariai or Plebanski-Hacyan spaces, and their generalizations. All possibilities are discussed and are interpreted using a unifying simple metric form. Sandwich and impulsive waves propagating in the above background spaces with different geometries and matter content can easily be constructed. New solutions are identified, e.g. type D pure radiation or explicit type II electrovacuum waves in (anti-)Nariai universe. It is also shown that, in general, there are no conformally flat Einstein-Maxwell fields with a non-vanishing cosmological constant.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX 2e. v2: added two references concerning generalized Kerr-Schild transformations, minor changes in the tex

Ultrarelativistic black hole in an external electromagnetic field and gravitational waves in the Melvin universe

We investigate the ultrarelativistic boost of a Schwarzschild black hole immersed in an external electromagnetic field, described by an exact solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations found by Ernst (the ``Schwarzschild-Melvin'' metric). Following the classical method of Aichelburg and Sexl, the gravitational field generated by a black hole moving ``with the speed of light'' and the transformed electromagnetic field are determined. The corresponding exact solution describes an impulsive gravitational wave propagating in the static, cylindrically symmetric, electrovac universe of Melvin, and for a vanishing electromagnetic field it reduces to the well known Aichelburg-Sexl pp-wave. In the boosting process, the original Petrov type I of the Schwarzschild-Melvin solution simplifies to the type II on the impulse, and to the type D elsewhere. The geometry of the wave front is studied, in particular its non-constant Gauss curvature. In addition, a more general class of impulsive waves in the Melvin universe is constructed by means of a six-dimensional embedding formalism adapted to the background. A coordinate system is also presented in which all the impulsive metrics take a continuous form. Finally, it is shown that these solutions are a limiting case of a family of exact gravitational waves with an arbitrary profile. This family is identified with a solution previously found by Garfinkle and Melvin. We thus complement their analysis, in particular demonstrating that such spacetimes are of type II and belong to the Kundt class.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX